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Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A drug that inhibits the enzyme carbonic anhydrase, used in the treatment of glaucoma and epilepsy and as a diuretic ...  2, record 1, English, - acetazolamide

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'acétazolamide est un inhibiteur spécifique de l'anhydrase carbonique à différents niveaux :tubule rénal, corps ciliaire, plexus choroïde, système nerveux central et muqueuse digestive. Au niveau du tubule rénal, l'acétazolamide est un diurétique entraînant, par substitution ionique : une augmentation de la diurèse aqueuse, une forte élimination des bicarbonates, une excrétion moindre du sodium et du potassium, une alcalinisation des urines.  2, record 1, French, - ac%C3%A9tazolamide

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Urinary casts are cylindrical-like aggregations formed in the renal tubule and named for the primary cell or matrix composition. Casts should not be present in normal circumstances.  4, record 2, English, - urinary%20cast

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

urinary cast; renal cast; urinary cylinder: designations usually used in the plural.  5, record 2, English, - urinary%20cast

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les cylindres urinaires sont de petits amas de matière qui se sont solidifiés en épousant la forme de la lumière du tubule dans lequel ils ont pris naissance. Ils sont évacués du tubule lorsque le filtrat s’accumule en amont. On nomme les cylindres d’après les cellules ou les substances qui les composent ou en fonction de leur apparence.  2, record 2, French, - cylindre%20urinaire

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 OBS

cylindre urinaire : désignation habituellement utilisée au pluriel.  3, record 2, French, - cylindre%20urinaire

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Diuresis can be induced osmotically or, more commonly, by pharmacologic blockade of sodium reabsorption at various sites along the nephron. The basic rule is that, although they can modulate a greater bulk of sodium, efficacy of proximal diuretics may be overcome by distal compensatory increases in sodium reabsorption in the loop of Henle. The efficacy of distal diuretics on the other side is limited by the small portion of sodium actually reaching the distal tubule.  4, record 3, English, - distal%20diuretic

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

An insect (order Mecoptera) of the family Meropeidae.  2, record 4, English, - bulbed%20earwigfly

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Insecte (ordre des mécoptères) de la famille des Meropeidae.  2, record 4, French, - m%C3%A9rope%20tubul%C3%A9

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[It is a] cylindrical tube adjoining zooecial walls and parallel to them in growth, formed of cone-in-cone layers with [a] narrow central tubule which may be crossed by minute diaphragms; position commonly marked surficially by projecting spines, mostly at angles between [the] zooecia in Paleozoic species [of bryozoans]  1, record 5, English, - acanthopore

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[Il s’agit d’un] petit tube cylindrique se traduisant extérieurement par des épines [...]  1, record 5, French, - acanthopore

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[Ils sont] situés à l’angle de jonction de deux zoécies adjacentes, [chez un Bryozoaire]  1, record 5, French, - acanthopore

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 6,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The transverse tubules (T tubules) are organelles that carry the electrical signal (AP) from the sarcolemma to the interior of the cell. T tubules are continuous with the sarcolemma and protrude into the sarcoplasm of the cell. Although the T tubules run in close proximity to the sarcoplasmic reticulum and interact with it, they are anatomically separate organelles. As the name implies, the T tubules run perpendicular (transverse) to the myofibril.  2, record 6, English, - transverse%20tubule

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

transverse tubule; T tubule: terms usually used in the plural.  3, record 6, English, - transverse%20tubule

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 CONT

À l’intérieur du sarcoplasme s’étend un réseau composé de tubules transverses [...] qui sont des extensions du sarcolemme (la membrane plasmique) et qui pénètrent transversalement la fibre musculaire. Ces tubules sont interconnectés au voisinage des myofibrilles, permettant aux impulsions nerveuses, reçues par le sarcolemme, d’être transmises rapidement à chaque myofibrille. Les tubules constituent également une voie de communication interne permettant aux différentes substances d’entrer dans la fibre musculaire et de la quitter.  2, record 6, French, - tubule%20transverse

Record number: 6, Textual support number: 1 OBS

tubule transverse; tubule T : termes habituellement utilisés au pluriel.  3, record 6, French, - tubule%20transverse

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 7,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Cystatin C is an endogenous cysteine proteinase inhibitor of low molecular weight that possesses many ideal features for use as a surrogate marker of kidney function and an estimate of GFR [glomerular filtration rate]. Cystatin C is synthesized at a relatively constant rate and is released into plasma by all nucleated cells in the body. Cystatin C levels reportedly are not affected by patient age, sex, muscle mass, or changes in diet.  2, record 7, English, - cystatin%20C

Record 7,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 7, Textual support number: 1 CONT

La cystatine C est une protéine de 122 acides aminés impliquée [...] dans la modulation du système immunitaire. Elle est produite de façon constante par les cellules nucléées de l'organisme, librement filtrée au niveau glomérulaire et entièrement réabsorbée et dégradée dans le tubule proximal, sans clairance urinaire. Étant sans rapport avec la masse musculaire, la concentration plasmatique de la cystatine C ne semble dépendre que du débit de filtration glomérulaire(DFG). Elle s’est donc présentée [...] comme un nouveau marqueur biologique permettant d’évaluer la fonction rénale, en particulier dans les cas où les formules basées sur la créatinine étaient limitées, c'est-à-dire dans les situations où le rapport entre le poids et la masse musculaire est modifié.  2, record 7, French, - cystatine%20C

Record 7,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 8,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The transfer of materials from peritubular capillaries to renal tubular lumen.  2, record 8, English, - tubular%20secretion

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tubular secretion is caused mainly by active transport. Usually only a few substances are secreted. The substances are present in great excess, or are natural poisons. Many drugs are eliminated by tubular secretion.  2, record 8, English, - tubular%20secretion

Record 8,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 8, Textual support number: 1 CONT

À côté de [la] réabsorption tubulaire, il existe une sécrétion tubulaire qui permet le passage de molécules du sang des capillaires péri-tubulaires vers le filtrat à travers la cellule du tubule. Elle permet d’éliminer dans l'urine des substances indésirables ou en excès qui ont été insuffisamment filtrées au niveau du glomérule. [...] Ce mécanisme de sécrétion tubulaire est important pour la régulation de l'homéostasie des protons et du potassium.  2, record 8, French, - s%C3%A9cr%C3%A9tion%20tubulaire

Record 8,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 9,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A medical condition involving the death of tubular epithelial cells that form the renal tubules of the kidneys.  2, record 9, English, - acute%20tubular%20necrosis

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is usually caused by a lack of oxygen to the kidney tissues (ischemia of the kidneys). It may also occur if the kidney cells are damaged by a poison or harmful substance. The internal structures of the kidney, particularly the tissues of the kidney tubule, become damaged or destroyed. ATN is one of the most common structural changes that can lead to acute renal failure.  3, record 9, English, - acute%20tubular%20necrosis

Record 9,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 9, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Forme d’insuffisance rénale aiguë due à la mort des cellules tubulaires qui forment le tubule rénal transportant l'urine du glomérule à l'uretère et réabsorbant environ 99 % de l'eau filtrée par les reins(ce qui permet de concentrer fortement les sels et les déchets métaboliques).  2, record 9, French, - n%C3%A9crose%20tubulaire%20aigu%C3%AB

Record 9,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 10,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A U-shaped part of the nephron of birds and mammals that lies between and is continuous with the proximal and distal convoluted tubules and that functions in water resorption.  3, record 10, English, - Henle%27s%20loop

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The principal function of the loop of Henle appears to be the recovery of water and sodium chloride from the urine. This function allows production of urine that is far more concentrated than blood, limiting the amount of water needed as intake for survival. Many species that live in arid environments such as deserts have highly efficient loops of Henle.  4, record 10, English, - Henle%27s%20loop

Record 10,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Partie du tube urinifère, située entre le tubule proximal et le tubule distal, qui, avec le glomérule, forme le néphron(unité fonctionnelle du rein).  3, record 10, French, - anse%20de%20Henle

Record number: 10, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L’anse de Henle forme une boucle en épingle à cheveux qui s’enfonçe assez profondément dans la partie médullaire rénale (partie interne du tissu rénal). Elle joue un rôle fondamental dans les phénomènes de concentration (du sodium surtout) et de dilution des urines.  3, record 10, French, - anse%20de%20Henle

Record 10,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 11,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The convoluted portion of the vertebrate nephron that lies between Bowman's capsule and the loop of Henle, is made up of a single layer of cuboidal cells with striated borders, and functions especially in the resorption of sugar, sodium and chloride ions, and water from the glomerular filtrate.  2, record 11, English, - proximal%20convoluted%20tubule

Record 11,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 11, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Chaque rein contient environ un million de néphrons. Chacun est constitué d’un glomérule, qui est entouré d’une structure à paroi fine, en forme de bonnet(la capsule de Bowman), d’un petit tube(tubule) qui recueille le matériel provenant de l'espace de la capsule de Bowman et d’un tube collecteur, qui draine l'urine du tube. Lorsque le liquide devient de l'urine, il atteint les canaux collecteurs. Les tubules sont composés de trois parties intriquées : le tube contourné proximal, l'anse de Henle et le tube contourné distal.  3, record 11, French, - tubule%20contourn%C3%A9%20proximal

Record 11,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 12,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The convoluted portion of the nephron lying between the loop of Henle and the nonsecretory part of the nephron and concerned especially with the concentration of urine.  2, record 12, English, - distal%20convoluted%20tubule

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 CONT

The distal tubule is divided into two segments with very different properties. The early distal tubule extends from the juxtaglomerular apparatus to the middle of the distal convolution. The late distal tubule continues from there to the cortical collecting duct and is morphologically and functionally similar to the collecting duct.  3, record 12, English, - distal%20convoluted%20tubule

Record 12,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 12, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Segment situé entre la fin de la branche ascendante large de l’anse de Henle et la jonction de deux de ces segments au début du canal collecteur cortical.  5, record 12, French, - tubule%20contourn%C3%A9%20distal

Record 12,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 13,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 DEF

A flap created by making two long, parallel cuts through the skin and subcutaneous tissue, undermining the area between the incisions, then suturing the two skin edges of the flap together, with the epidermis facing outward, to make a rope, or tube, of the skin and subcutaneous tissue.  2, record 13, English, - tube

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 OBS

"tube graft": Considered incorrect in The International Dictionary of Medicine.  3, record 13, English, - tube

Record 13,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 13, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les lambeaux tubulés (...) : C’est un lambeau à deux pédicules, détaché par deux incisions longitudinales parallèles, puis transformé en cylindre par la suture de ses bords libres, cet enroulement laissant l’épiderme à l’extérieur.  1, record 13, French, - lambeau%20tubul%C3%A9

Record 13,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 14,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Any small cylindrical structure.  2, record 14, English, - tubule

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Tubules of the algae preserved in the siderite are usually coated on the exterior with hematite.  3, record 14, English, - tubule

Record 14,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Tube de petites dimensions.  2, record 14, French, - tubule

Record number: 14, Textual support number: 1 CONT

Les tubules des algues préservées dans la sidérite sont généralement revêtus d’hématite.  3, record 14, French, - tubule

Record 14,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 15,  Textual support,  French

Record 15,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 16,  Textual support,  French

Record 16,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 17,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

The secretory activity of the kidney sex segment, ..., can be determined by measuring increases in the height of the epithelial cells of the kidney tubules after hormonal stimulation.  1, record 17, English, - kidney%20tubule

Record 17,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 17, Textual support number: 1 OBS

L’activité sécrétrice [du segment sexuel], [...], est mesurée par l’augmentation de la hauteur des cellules épithéliales des tubules rénaux après une stimulation hormonale.  2, record 17, French, - tubule%20r%C3%A9nal

Record 17,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 18,  Textual support,  French

Record 18,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 19,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

The small tube in the dentin that contains dentinal fibres.  1, record 19, English, - dentinal%20tubule

Record 19,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 19, Textual support number: 1 DEF

Petit tube dans la dentine, contenant les fibres dentinaires.  1, record 19, French, - tubule%20dentinaire

Record 19,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 20,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

HLA-DR display by renal tubular epithelium and phenotype of infiltrate in interstitial nephritis. (Relevé dans les bases de données).  2, record 20, English, - tubular%20epithelium

Record 20,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 20, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'épithélium tubulaire, différent par sa structure et sa fonction aux divers niveaux du tubule, conduit à distinguer plusieurs segments successifs à partir du pôle urinaire du glomérule [...]  1, record 20, French, - %C3%A9pith%C3%A9lium%20tubulaire

Record 20,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 21,  Textual support,  French

Record 21,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 22,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

[In a bryozoan], a slender tremopore tube arising from [a] small pore, piercing [the] subjacent olocyst.  1, record 22, English, - tubula

Record 22,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 22, Textual support number: 1 OBS

Nom donné à certains trémopores tubulaires [de Bryozoaire.]  1, record 22, French, - tubule

Record 22,  Textual support,  Spanish