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PROTEINE REGULATRICE [2 records]
Record 1 - internal organization data 1996-10-31
Record 1, English
Record 1, Subject field(s)
- Cytology
- Biochemistry
- Microbiology and Parasitology
Record 1, Main entry term, English
- molecular switch
1, record 1, English, molecular%20switch
correct
Record 1, Abbreviations, English
Record 1, Synonyms, English
Record 1, Textual support, English
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
Before the provirus's genes can be effective, RNA copies of them that can be read by the host cell's protein-making machinery must be produced by forward transcription. This transcription stage is accomplished by the cell's own enzymes, including RNA polymerase II. But the process cannot start until the polymerase is activated by various molecular switches located in two stretches near the ends of the provirus: the long terminal repeats. This requirement is reminiscent of the need of many genes in multicellular organisms to be "turned on" by proteins that bind specifically to controlling sequences termed enhancer elements. Some of the cellular signaling proteins that bind to the enhancers in the HIV long terminal repeats are members of an important family known as NF-KB/Rel. Present in virtually all human cells, these regulatory proteins increase the transcriptional activity of many genes. 1, record 1, English, - molecular%20switch
Record 1, Key term(s)
- regulatory protein
Record 1, French
Record 1, Domaine(s)
- Cytologie
- Biochimie
- Microbiologie et parasitologie
Record 1, Main entry term, French
- séquence activatrice
1, record 1, French, s%C3%A9quence%20activatrice
feminine noun
Record 1, Abbreviations, French
Record 1, Synonyms, French
Record 1, Textual support, French
Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT
La transcription du provirus. Pour que les gènes du provirus s'expriment ils doivent être transcrits en ARN par les enzymes de la cellule hôte, notamment l'ARN polymérase II. Auparavant cette polymérase doit être activée par diverses protéines qui se lient à deux séquences d'ADN proches des extrémités du provirus: les longues répétitions terminales (de façon analogue, de nombreux gènes des organismes pluricellulaires sont activés par des protéines qui se lient spécifiquement à des séquences d'ADN régulatrices, nommées séquences activatrices). Certaines protéines cellulaires qui se lient aux séquences activatrices des longues répétitions terminales du VIH appartiennent à une famille importante nommée NF-KB/Rel. Présentes dans toutes les cellules humaines, ces protéines NF-KB/Rel activent la transcription de nombreux gènes. 1, record 1, French, - s%C3%A9quence%20activatrice
Record 1, Key term(s)
- protéine régulatrice
Record 1, Spanish
Record 1, Textual support, Spanish
Record 2 - internal organization data 1996-10-31
Record 2, English
Record 2, Subject field(s)
- Genetics
- Microbiology and Parasitology
Record 2, Main entry term, English
- regulatory protein
1, record 2, English, regulatory%20protein
correct
Record 2, Abbreviations, English
Record 2, Synonyms, English
Record 2, Textual support, English
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
The RNA transcripts from the provirus then undergo complex processing by enzymes in the cell. Two distinct phases of transcription follow the infection of an individual cell by HIV. In the early phase, which lasts roughly 24 hours, RNA transcripts produced in the cell's nucleus are snipped into multiple copies of shorter sequences by cellular splicing enzymes. When they reach the cytoplasm, they are only about 2,000 nucleotides in length. These early-phase short transcripts encode only the virus's regulatory proteins: the structural genes that constitute the rest of the genome are among the parts that are left behind. 1, record 2, English, - regulatory%20protein
Record 2, French
Record 2, Domaine(s)
- Génétique
- Microbiologie et parasitologie
Record 2, Main entry term, French
- protéine régulatrice
1, record 2, French, prot%C3%A9ine%20r%C3%A9gulatrice
correct, feminine noun
Record 2, Abbreviations, French
Record 2, Synonyms, French
Record 2, Textual support, French
Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT
L'ARN transcrit à partir du provirus subit un traitement enzymatique dans la cellule. On distingue deux phases de transcription du provirus. Durant la première phase, qui dure environ 24 heures, l'ARN viral est synthétisé dans le noyau cellulaire, puis découpé en multiples séquences par les enzymes d'épissage de la cellule. Dans le cytoplasme, la longueur de ces séquences n'est plus que de 2 000 nucléotides en moyenne. Ces courtes séquences d'ARN viral précoce assurent la synthèse des protéines régulatrices du virus; les protéines de structure, codées par le reste du génome viral, restent alors dans le noyau. 1, record 2, French, - prot%C3%A9ine%20r%C3%A9gulatrice
Record 2, Spanish
Record 2, Textual support, Spanish
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