TERMIUM Plus^®

Record 1,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 1, Textual support number: 1 CONT

... the application of conventional mathematics and biology may be of limited utility in understanding the dynamics of ... complex ecosystems. The typical reductionist approach to aquatic ecosystem analysis is the top-down approach. Equational models (top-down attemps at approximating nature) are subject to many limitations ... In general, equational models are not good at dealing with highly nonlinear effects, such as thresholding or if-then-else conditionals, which occur in behavioral and ecological studies.  2, record 1, English, - top%2Ddown%20modelling%20approach

Record 1,  Textual support,  French

Record 1,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 2,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 DEF

[An approach that involves] building nanostructures by starting with larger ones and removing and adding pieces bit by bit until a small structure is formed.  3, record 2, English, - top%2Ddown%20approach

Record 2,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 2, Textual support number: 1 CONT

[...] en termes de miniaturisation notamment, il devient envisageable de passer de l’approche du haut vers le bas, qui consiste à essayer de rendre les composants électroniques de plus en plus petits et qui risque d’atteindre sa limite d’ici 10 ou 20 ans, à une approche du bas vers le haut, qui consiste à produire des composants en assemblant des nanoparticules.  1, record 2, French, - approche%20du%20haut%20vers%20le%20bas

Record 2,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 3,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An approach to problem-solving that is goal-directed or expectation-guided based on models or other knowledge.  2, record 3, English, - top%2Ddown%20approach

Record 3,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 3, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'approche «descendante» où l'on part de la déclaration de buts de haut niveau est une approche qui a [...] fait ses preuves en informatique.  2, record 3, French, - approche%20descendante

Record 3,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 4,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 4, Textual support number: 1 OBS

For the information architect and in content management, "bottom up" refers to collecting all the content with a content audit or content inventory, then making room for everything in an ad hoc manner, depending on the content tools being used, such as website navigation, search engines, etc. The opposite, top-down design, looks at the big picture first to arrange content in its natural context.  2, record 4, English, - top%2Ddown%20approach

Record 4,  Textual support,  French

Record 4,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record 5,  Textual support,  English

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 DEF

An investment strategy which first finds the best sectors or industries to invest in, and then searches for the best companies within those sectors or industries. This investing strategy begins with a look at the overall economic picture and then narrows it down to sectors, industries and companies that are expected to perform well. Analysis of the fundamentals of a given security is the final step.  3, record 5, English, - top%2Ddown%20approach

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

With ... [the top-down] approach, management relies heavily on macroeconomic analysis. The manager chooses the sectors or, in the case of international management, the countries that are likely to generate higher returns.  4, record 5, English, - top%2Ddown%20approach

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

[Top-down approach is] a method in which an investor first looks at trends in the general economy, and next selects industries and then companies that should benefit from those trends.  5, record 5, English, - top%2Ddown%20approach

Record 5,  Textual support,  French

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

L'approche dite descendante ou top-down, donc de haut en bas, [est] généralement réalisée en trois étapes : l'étude de l'économie à l'échelle nationale ou internationale, l'examen d'un secteur industriel en particulier et l'analyse d'une entreprise au sein de cette industrie.  3, record 5, French, - approche%20descendante

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 2 CONT

Les partisans de l'approche descendante ou top-down (certains parlent de l'approche E-I-C pour economic-industry-company approach) croient que la conjoncture économique générale (qu'on appelle aussi la macro-économie) et la vigueur d'un secteur industriel donné ont un effet considérable sur le rendement d'un titre en particulier.  3, record 5, French, - approche%20descendante

Record 5,  Textual support,  Spanish

Record number: 5, Textual support number: 1 CONT

El método o enfoque top-down es aquél que toma las decisiones de inversión partiendo de las variables más globales para ir descendiendo progresivamente hasta las más específicas [...]  2, record 5, Spanish, - enfoque%20de%20arriba%20hacia%20abajo

Record 6,  Textual support,  French

Record 6,  Textual support,  Spanish